Hey @Jeff-Braasch , great question and I would like to add a few references for you.
Using Folder Redirection and Roaming Profiles
Folder Redirection
You can redirect user documents and files to a centralized location through Folder Redirection and as Doug mentioned this can be controlled through Group Policy. The GPO settings can be found here:
YourGPO\User Configuration\Policies\Windows Settings\Folder Redirection
This will give you the ability to control what user folders are redirected to your storage server, such as the Documents folder but not the Music and Pictures folder. You can also implement Offline Files for bandwidth optimization and availability.
Roaming Profiles
You can then designate a Primary Computer for your users in Active Directory. This will allow you to control which workstations a user’s profile will “roam” to. When a Primary Computer is designated, this will be the only workstation that this user’s profile with be downloaded to.
You can also create and deploy Mandatory Profiles, giving the administrator the ability to create a profile with predefined settings that are deployed to the workstation, with any changes by the user being discarded after logoff. This is done through an editing of the file extension on the NTuser.dat registry hive.
This is not an exhaustive list but may be of some use. I have included some reference links that may help
Folder Redirection, Offline Files, and Roaming User Profiles overview | Microsoft Learn
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/storage/folder-redirection/folder-redirection-rup-overview#primary-computers-for-folder-redirection-and-roaming-user-profiles
Mandatory User Profiles (Windows) | Microsoft Learn
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/desktop/legacy/bb776895(v=vs.85)